Lower key stage 2

Place Value

Year 3

    • Count from 0 in multiples of 4, 8, 50 and 100; find 10 or 100 more or less than a given number
    • Identify, represent and estimate numbers using different representations
    • Read and write numbers up to 1000 in numerals and in words
    • Recognise the place value of each digit in a three-digit number (hundreds, tens, ones)
    • Compare and order numbers up to 1000
    • Solve number problems and practical problems involving these ideas

    Year 4

      • Count in multiples of 6, 7, 9 25 and 1000
      • Count backwards through zero to include negative numbers
      • Identify, represent and estimate numbers using different representations
      • Read Roman numerals to 100 (I to C) and know that over time, the numeral system changed to include the concept of zero and place value
      • Find 1000 more or less than a given number
      • Recognise the place value of each digit in a four-digit number (thousands, hundreds, tens and ones)
      • Order and compare numbers beyond 1000
      • Round any number to the nearest 10, 100 or 1000
      • Solve number and practical problems that involve all of the above and with increasingly large positive numbers

      Addition and Subtraction

      Year 3

        • Add and subtract numbers mentally, including:
          • A three-digit number and ones
          • A three-digit number and tens
          • A three-digit number and hundreds
        • Add and subtract numbers with up to three digits, using formal written methods of columnar addition and subtraction
        • Solve problems, including missing number problems, using number facts, place value and more complex addition and subtraction

        Year 4

        • Add and subtract numbers with up to 4 digits using the formal written methods of columnar addition and subtraction where appropriate
        • Solve addition and subtraction two-step problems in contexts, deciding which operations and methods to use and why

          Multiplication and Division

          Year 3

            • Recall and use multiplication and division facts for the 3, 4 and 8 multiplication tables
            • Write and calculate mathematical statements for multiplication and division using the multiplication tables that they know, including for two-digit numbers times one-digit numbers, using mental and progressing to formal written methods
            • Solve problems, including missing number problems, involving multiplication and division, including positive integer scaling problems and correspondence problems in which n objects are connected to m objects

            Year 4

              • Recall multiplication and division facts for multiplication tables up to 12 x 12
              • Use place value, known and derived facts to multiply and divide mentally, including: multiplying by 0 and 1; dividing by 1; multiplying together three numbers
              • Recognise and use factor pairs and commutativity in mental calculations
              • Multiply two-digit and three-digit numbers by a one-digit number using formal written layout
              • Solve problems involving multiplying and adding, including using the distributive law to multiply two digit numbers by one digit, integer scaling problems and harder correspondence problems such as n objects are connected to m objects

              Fractions, Decimals and Percentages

              Year 3

                • Count up and down in tenths; recognise that tenths arise from dividing an object into 10 equal parts and in dividing one-digit numbers or quantities by 10
                • Recognise, find and write fractions of a discrete set of objects: unit fractions and non-unit fractions with small denominators
                • Recognise and use fractions as numbers: unit fractions and non-unit fractions with small denominators
                • Recognise and show, using diagrams, equivalent fractions with small denominators
                • Compare and order unit fractions and fractions with the same denominators
                • Add and subtract fractions with the same denominator within one whole (for example 5/7+1/7 = 6/7 )
                • Solve problems that involve all of the above

                Year 4

                    • Count up and down in hundredths; recognise that hundredths arise when dividing an object by one hundred and dividing tenths by ten
                    • Recognise and show, using diagrams, families of common equivalent fractions
                    • Add and subtract fractions with the same denominator
                    • Solve problems that involve increasingly harder fractions to calculate quantities and fractions to divide quantities, including non-unit fractions where the answer is a whole number
                    • Recognise and write decimal equivalents of any number of tenths or hundredths
                    • Recognise and write decimal equivalents to 1/4, 1/2  and 3/4
                    • Round decimals with one decimal place to the nearest whole number
                    • Compare numbers with the same number of decimal places up to two decimal places
                    • Solve simple measure and money problems involving fractions and decimals to two decimal places

                    Ratio and Proportion, Algebra

                    Year 3

                      • Solve problems, including missing number problems

                      Algebraic notation is not introduced until Year 6

                      Measurement

                      Year 3

                        • Measure, compare, add and subtract: lengths (m, cm, mm), mass (kg/g), volume/capacity (l/ml)
                        • Add and subtract amounts of money to give change, using both £ and p in practical contexts
                        • Tell and write the time from an analogue clock, including using Roman numerals from I to XII and 12 hour and 24 hour clocks
                        • Estimate and read time with increasing accuracy to the nearest minute; record and compare time in terms of seconds, minutes and hours using vocabulary such as o’clock, am/pm, morning, afternoon, noon and midnight
                        • Know that there are 60 seconds in a minute and the number of days in each month, year and leap year
                        • Compare durations of events (ie. Time taken by particular events or tasks)
                        • Measure the perimeter of simple 2D shapes

                        Year 4

                        • Convert between different units of measure (ie. Km to m; hour to minute)
                        • Estimate, compare and calculate different measures
                        • Estimate, compare and calculate different measures, including money in pounds and pence
                        • Read, write and convert between analogue and digital 12 and 24 hour clocks
                        • Solve problems involving converting from hours to minutes, minutes to seconds, years to months and weeks to days
                        • Measure and calculate the perimeter of a rectilinear figure (including squares) in centimetres and metres
                        • Find the area of rectilinear shapes by counting squares

                              Geometry

                              Year 3

                              • Draw 2D shapes
                              • Make 3D shapes using modelling materials; recognise 3D shapes in different orientations and describe them
                              • Recognise angles as a property of shape or a description of a turn
                              • Identify right angles, recognise that two right angles make a half-turn, three make three quarters of a turn and four a complete turn
                              • Identify whether angles are greater than or less than a right angle
                              • Identify horizontal and vertical lines and pairs of parallel and perpendicular lines

                              Year 4

                                • Compare and classify geometric shapes, including quadrilaterals and triangles, based on their properties and sizes
                                • Identify lines of symmetry in 2D shapes presented in different orientations
                                • Identify acute and obtuse angles and compare and order angles up to two right angles by size
                                • Identify lines of symmetry in 2D shapes presented in different orientations
                                • Complete a simple symmetric figure with respect to a specific line of symmetry
                                • Describe positions on a 2D grid as coordinates in the first quadrant
                                • Describe movements between positions as translations of a given unit to the left/right and up/down
                                • Plot specified points and draw sides to complete a given polygon

                                Statistics

                                Year 3

                                  • Interpret and present data using bar charts, pictograms and tables
                                  • Solve one-step and two-step questions (ie. How many more? How many fewer?) using information presented in scaled bar charts, pictograms and tables

                                  Year 4

                                    • Interpret and present discrete and continuous data using appropriate graphical methods, including bar charts and time graphs
                                    • Solve comparison, sum and difference problems using information presented in bar charts, pictograms, tables and other graphs