Lower key stage 2

Place Value

Count from 0 in multiples of 4, 8, 50 and 100; find 10 or 100 more or less than a given number
Identify, represent and estimate numbers using different representations
Read and write numbers up to 1000 in numerals and in words
Recognise the place value of each digit in a three-digit number (hundreds, tens, ones)
Compare and order numbers up to 1000
Solve number problems and practical problems involving these ideas

Count in multiples of 6, 7, 9 25 and 1000
Count backwards through zero to include negative numbers
Identify, represent and estimate numbers using different representations
Read Roman numerals to 100 (I to C) and know that over time, the numeral system changed to include the concept of zero and place value
Find 1000 more or less than a given number
Recognise the place value of each digit in a four-digit number (thousands, hundreds, tens and ones)
Order and compare numbers beyond 1000
Round any number to the nearest 10, 100 or 1000
Solve number and practical problems that involve all of the above and with increasingly large positive numbers

Add and subtract numbers mentally, including:
- A three-digit number and ones
- A three-digit number and tens
- A three-digit number and hundreds
Add and subtract numbers with up to three digits, using formal written methods of columnar addition and subtraction
Solve problems, including missing number problems, using number facts, place value and more complex addition and subtraction

Add and subtract numbers with up to 4 digits using the formal written methods of columnar addition and subtraction where appropriate
Solve addition and subtraction two-step problems in contexts, deciding which operations and methods to use and why

Recall and use multiplication and division facts for the 3, 4 and 8 multiplication tables
Write and calculate mathematical statements for multiplication and division using the multiplication tables that they know, including for two-digit numbers times one-digit numbers, using mental and progressing to formal written methods
Solve problems, including missing number problems, involving multiplication and division, including positive integer scaling problems and correspondence problems in which n objects are connected to m objects

Recall multiplication and division facts for multiplication tables up to 12 x 12
Use place value, known and derived facts to multiply and divide mentally, including: multiplying by 0 and 1; dividing by 1; multiplying together three numbers
Recognise and use factor pairs and commutativity in mental calculations
Multiply two-digit and three-digit numbers by a one-digit number using formal written layout
Solve problems involving multiplying and adding, including using the distributive law to multiply two digit numbers by one digit, integer scaling problems and harder correspondence problems such as n objects are connected to m objects

Count up and down in tenths; recognise that tenths arise from dividing an object into 10 equal parts and in dividing one-digit numbers or quantities by 10
Recognise, find and write fractions of a discrete set of objects: unit fractions and non-unit fractions with small denominators
Recognise and use fractions as numbers: unit fractions and non-unit fractions with small denominators
Recognise and show, using diagrams, equivalent fractions with small denominators
Compare and order unit fractions and fractions with the same denominators
Add and subtract fractions with the same denominator within one whole (for example 5/7+1/7 = 6/7 )
Solve problems that involve all of the above

Count up and down in hundredths; recognise that hundredths arise when dividing an object by one hundred and dividing tenths by ten
Recognise and show, using diagrams, families of common equivalent fractions
Add and subtract fractions with the same denominator
Solve problems that involve increasingly harder fractions to calculate quantities and fractions to divide quantities, including non-unit fractions where the answer is a whole number
Recognise and write decimal equivalents of any number of tenths or hundredths
Recognise and write decimal equivalents to 1/4, 1/2 and 3/4
Round decimals with one decimal place to the nearest whole number
Compare numbers with the same number of decimal places up to two decimal places
Solve simple measure and money problems involving fractions and decimals to two decimal places

Algebraic notation is not introduced until Year 6

Measure, compare, add and subtract: lengths (m, cm, mm), mass (kg/g), volume/capacity (l/ml)
Add and subtract amounts of money to give change, using both £ and p in practical contexts
Tell and write the time from an analogue clock, including using Roman numerals from I to XII and 12 hour and 24 hour clocks
Estimate and read time with increasing accuracy to the nearest minute; record and compare time in terms of seconds, minutes and hours using vocabulary such as o’clock, am/pm, morning, afternoon, noon and midnight
Know that there are 60 seconds in a minute and the number of days in each month, year and leap year
Compare durations of events (ie. Time taken by particular events or tasks)
Measure the perimeter of simple 2D shapes

Convert between different units of measure (ie. Km to m; hour to minute)
Estimate, compare and calculate different measures
Estimate, compare and calculate different measures, including money in pounds and pence
Read, write and convert between analogue and digital 12 and 24 hour clocks
Solve problems involving converting from hours to minutes, minutes to seconds, years to months and weeks to days
Measure and calculate the perimeter of a rectilinear figure (including squares) in centimetres and metres
Find the area of rectilinear shapes by counting squares

Draw 2D shapes
Make 3D shapes using modelling materials; recognise 3D shapes in different orientations and describe them
Recognise angles as a property of shape or a description of a turn
Identify right angles, recognise that two right angles make a half-turn, three make three quarters of a turn and four a complete turn
Identify whether angles are greater than or less than a right angle
Identify horizontal and vertical lines and pairs of parallel and perpendicular lines

Compare and classify geometric shapes, including quadrilaterals and triangles, based on their properties and sizes
Identify lines of symmetry in 2D shapes presented in different orientations
Identify acute and obtuse angles and compare and order angles up to two right angles by size
Identify lines of symmetry in 2D shapes presented in different orientations
Complete a simple symmetric figure with respect to a specific line of symmetry
Describe positions on a 2D grid as coordinates in the first quadrant
Describe movements between positions as translations of a given unit to the left/right and up/down
Plot specified points and draw sides to complete a given polygon

Interpret and present data using bar charts, pictograms and tables
Solve one-step and two-step questions (ie. How many more? How many fewer?) using information presented in scaled bar charts, pictograms and tables

Interpret and present discrete and continuous data using appropriate graphical methods, including bar charts and time graphs
Solve comparison, sum and difference problems using information presented in bar charts, pictograms, tables and other graphs